Gender Based Analysis of the Access to Public Procurement in Western Balkan by SMEs
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Abstract
The subject of research is access by SMEs to public procurement in Western Balkan region including a gender equality perspective. The key objectives of the paper are: to identify key barriers that make it difficult to engage in public procurement; to determine whether there are differences in the perception of the importance of barriers to inclusion in public procurement between male and female-owned companies; and to check whether there are differences in the perception of the importance of barriers to participation in public procurement between different-sized companies. Results show that there are no significant differences in the perception of the importance of barriers to participation in public procurement between male and female-owned companies. Also, different-sized companies have a similar perception of the importance of barriers to participation in public procurement.
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References
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https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32014L0024
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GRS (2014). Public Procurement Development Strategy 2014-2018. Retrieved from: http://www.ujn.gov.rs/strategija/
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GRS (2017). Gender Equality Act, draft. Retrieved from: https://www.paragraf.rs/dnevne-vesti/300817/300817-vest15.html
GRS (2019). Public Procurement Development Strategy 2019-2023, proposal. Retrieved from: http://www.ujn.gov.rs/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Strategija-UJN-2019-2023-final.pdf
GRS (2019a). Zakon o javnim nabavkama, (2019). Retrieved from: http://www.parlament.gov.rs/upload/archive/files/cir/pdf/zakoni/2019/2478-19.pdf,
GRS (2019b). Guidelines for the introduction of gender responsive budgeting, Retrieved from: https://www.mfin.gov.rs/UserFiles/File/budzetski%20korisnici/2018/Uputstvo%20za%20uvodjenje%20ROB%20za%202019_%20godinu.pdf
GRS (2019c). Report on the state of protection and gender equality in 2018 Retrieved from: https://www.minrzs.gov.rs/sr/dokumenti/zakoni/sektor-za-antidiskriminacionu-politiku-i-unapredjenje-rodne-ravnopravnosti
Ivković, D., Čukanović Karavidić, M., Vujičić, S. (2012). Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises as a Factor of Serbian Economy. Economic Analysis, 45(3-4), 31-45.
Mangiafico, S.S. (n.d.). R Handbook. Retrieved from: https://rcompanion.org/handbook/F_08.html
OECD/ETF/EU/EBRD (2019). SME Policy Index: Western Balkans and Turkey 2019: Assessing the Implementation of the Small Business Act for Europe, SME Policy Index, OECD Publishing, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1787/g2g9fa9a-en
OECD (2018). SMEs in Public Procurement: Practices and Strategies for Shared Benefits, OECD Public Governance Reviews, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264307476-en
Preuss, L. (2011). On the contribution of public procurement to entrepreneurship and small business policy. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 23(9-10), 787–814. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2010.546433
Public procurement office Serbia (2016). Guidelines for increasing the participation of small and medium enterprises in public procurement procedures. Retrieved from: http://www.ujn.gov.rs/dokumenti/analiticka-dokumenta/
UN Women (2017a). Manual the power of procurement: how to source from women-owned businesses corporate guide to gender-responsive procurement.
UN Women (2017b). Gender Responsible Budgeting (GRB) - a new practice and legal obligation in the public financial management system in the Republic of Serbia.
UN Women (2019). Gender Responsible Budgeting - Introduction of Gender Responsible Budgeting in the Republic of Serbia. Retrieved from: https://www.undp.org/content/dam/unct/serbia/docs/Publications/UNW_GRB_%202019_SRB%20_layout%20DIGITAL.pdf
Callerstig, A.C. (2014). Can Public Procurement be an Instrument for Policy Learning in Gender Mainstreaming?. Scandinavian Journal of Public Administration, 18(4), 51-71.
Cohen, J.W. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd edn). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Combaz, E. (2018). Report: Models of gender-sensitive procurement used by international aid entities. The K4D helpdesk service UK.
Congressional Research Service (CRS) (2020). An Overview of Small Business Contracting, Updated August 14, 2020. https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R45576.pdf
Council of European Municipalities and Regions CEMR (2006). The European charter for equality of women and men in local life- Presented at the CEMR’s general assembly, Innsbruck.
Dijan, A. (2015). Public Procurement and Gender Equality: Its Impact on Women in the Security Sector in Serbia, Belgrade, Centre for Security Policy, The European Union's Programme “Civil Society Facility 2013 for Serbia”.
European Institute for Gender Equality (2018). Gender budgeting; Mainstreaming gender into the EU budget and macroeconomic policy framework.
EC (2008). Communication from the Commission to the Council, the EP, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions. Think Small First. A Small Business Act for Europe (SEC (2008)2102), Brussels, EC, c2012, http://eur-lex.europa.eu/
LexUriServ/ LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2008:0394:FIN:EN:PDF
EC (2010). Buying social a guide to taking account of social considerations in public procurement. Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Equal Opportunities.
EC (2012). Consolidated versions of the Treaty on European Union and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union 2012/C 326/01
EC (2018). Public procurement guidance for practitioners on avoiding the most common errors in projects funded by the European Structural and Investment Funds.
EC (2019). Analysis of the SMEs' participation in public procurement and the measures to support it - 697/PP/GRO/IMA/18/1131/10226 Final report, DG for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs 2019
EU (2010). Evaluation of SMEs’ access to public procurement markets in the EU Final Report.
Government of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2014). Law on Public Procurement FB&H Retrieved from: https://www.paragraf.ba/propisi/bih/zakon-o-javnim-nabavkama.html
EU (2014). Directive 2014/24/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on public procurement and repealing Directive 2004/18/EC Text with EEA relevance. Retrieved from:
https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32014L0024
EU (2015). The situation of gender equality at local and regional level in Europe, Summary of findings, Pilot project for development of indicators to measure the implementation of the European Charter for Equality of Women and Men in Local Life.
Government of the Republic of Croatia (2017). Law on Public Procurement RC, NN 120/16, effective from 01.01.2017. Retrieved from: https://www.zakon.hr/z/223/Zakon-o-javnoj-nabavi
Government of the Republic of Montenegro (2019). Law on Public Procurement RM. Retrieved from: https://www.paragraf.me/propisi-crnegore/zakon-o-javnim-nabavkama.html ("Sl. list CG", br. 42/2011, 57/2014, 28/2015 i 42/2017)
GRS (2014). Public Procurement Development Strategy 2014-2018. Retrieved from: http://www.ujn.gov.rs/strategija/
GRS (2016). National Strategy for Gender Equality for the period from 2016 to 2020, Retrieved from: https://www.mgsi.gov.rs/lat/dokumenti/nacionalna-strategija-za-rodnu-ravnopravnost-za-period-od-2016-do-2020-godine-sa-akcionim
GRS (2017). Gender Equality Act, draft. Retrieved from: https://www.paragraf.rs/dnevne-vesti/300817/300817-vest15.html
GRS (2019). Public Procurement Development Strategy 2019-2023, proposal. Retrieved from: http://www.ujn.gov.rs/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Strategija-UJN-2019-2023-final.pdf
GRS (2019a). Zakon o javnim nabavkama, (2019). Retrieved from: http://www.parlament.gov.rs/upload/archive/files/cir/pdf/zakoni/2019/2478-19.pdf,
GRS (2019b). Guidelines for the introduction of gender responsive budgeting, Retrieved from: https://www.mfin.gov.rs/UserFiles/File/budzetski%20korisnici/2018/Uputstvo%20za%20uvodjenje%20ROB%20za%202019_%20godinu.pdf
GRS (2019c). Report on the state of protection and gender equality in 2018 Retrieved from: https://www.minrzs.gov.rs/sr/dokumenti/zakoni/sektor-za-antidiskriminacionu-politiku-i-unapredjenje-rodne-ravnopravnosti
Ivković, D., Čukanović Karavidić, M., Vujičić, S. (2012). Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises as a Factor of Serbian Economy. Economic Analysis, 45(3-4), 31-45.
Mangiafico, S.S. (n.d.). R Handbook. Retrieved from: https://rcompanion.org/handbook/F_08.html
OECD/ETF/EU/EBRD (2019). SME Policy Index: Western Balkans and Turkey 2019: Assessing the Implementation of the Small Business Act for Europe, SME Policy Index, OECD Publishing, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1787/g2g9fa9a-en
OECD (2018). SMEs in Public Procurement: Practices and Strategies for Shared Benefits, OECD Public Governance Reviews, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264307476-en
Preuss, L. (2011). On the contribution of public procurement to entrepreneurship and small business policy. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 23(9-10), 787–814. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2010.546433
Public procurement office Serbia (2016). Guidelines for increasing the participation of small and medium enterprises in public procurement procedures. Retrieved from: http://www.ujn.gov.rs/dokumenti/analiticka-dokumenta/
UN Women (2017a). Manual the power of procurement: how to source from women-owned businesses corporate guide to gender-responsive procurement.
UN Women (2017b). Gender Responsible Budgeting (GRB) - a new practice and legal obligation in the public financial management system in the Republic of Serbia.
UN Women (2019). Gender Responsible Budgeting - Introduction of Gender Responsible Budgeting in the Republic of Serbia. Retrieved from: https://www.undp.org/content/dam/unct/serbia/docs/Publications/UNW_GRB_%202019_SRB%20_layout%20DIGITAL.pdf