European Integration and Position of Women in Business Enterprise Sector (BES)
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to describe gender gap in a field of research and development (abbr. R&D) and to investigate the changes after entry to EU. The research on gender gap is mainly focused on business enterprise sector. The paper presents comparative and descriptive statistics by using a secondary data and information across a period between 2004 and 2007. First part presents an overview of R&D personnel and R&D expenditures in each country. Consequently it compares three groups of countries. Next part investigates the honeypot indicators and the correlations between personnel and expenses on R&D. Due to using different base for calculation of personnel, diverse results of correlation were achieved. The results confirmed that statement mentioned in introduction is still valid after 6 years and entry to EU. The last part deals with the main findings regarding women researchers in business enterprise sector across European countries.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Once the manuscript is accepted for publication, authors shall transfer the copyright to the publisher. If the submitted manuscript is not accepted for printing by the journal, the authors shall retain all their rights. The following rights on the manuscript are transferred to the publisher, including any supplementary materials and any parts, extracts or elements of the manuscript:
- the right to reproduce and distribute the manuscript in printed form, including print-on-demand;
- the right to print prepublications, reprints and special editions of the manuscript;
- the right to translate the manuscript into other languages;
- the right to reproduce the manuscript using photomechanical or similar means including, but not limited to photocopy, and the right to distribute these copies;
- the right to reproduce and distribute the manuscript electronically or optically using and all data carriers or storage media, and especially in machine readable/digitalized form on data carriers such as hard drive, CD-ROM, DVD, Blu-ray Disc (BD), Mini Disc, data tapes, and the right to reproduce and distribute the article via these data carriers;
- the right to store the manuscript in databases, including online databases, as well as the right to transmit the manuscript in all technical systems and modes;
- the right to make the manuscript available to the public or to closed user groups on individual demand, for use on monitors or other readers (including e-books), and in printable form for the user, either via the Internet, online service, or via internal or external networks.
Authors reserve the copyright to published articles and have the right to use the article in the same manner like third parties in accordance with the licence Attribution-Non-Commercial-Non-Derivate 4.0 International (CC BY NC ND). Thereby they must quote the basic bibliographic data of the source article published in the journal (authors, article title, journal title, volume, pagination).
References
[2] EUbusiness. 2009. Gender imbalance in science “a waste of opportunity and talent” – She figures 2009. [online] Accessible from:
[3] European Commission. 2009. Science, technology and innovation in Europe. [online] Accessible from
[4] European Commission. 2009. Women in science and technology> Creating sustainable careers. [online] Accessible from http://ec.europa.eu/research/science-society/document_library/pdf_06/wist2_sustainable-careers-report_en.pdf
[5] European Commission: Women in industrial research: A wake up call for European industry, 2005. [online]. Accessible from:
[6] European Platform of Women Scientists. 2010. Response if the European Platform of Women Scientists to the Public Consultation on the future :EU 2020: Strategy. [online] Accessible from http://enterthecompany.org/EPWS/LINKS/EPWSResponseConsultationFutureEU2020Strategy.pdf
[7] Le Feuvre, N., Latour, E. (2007), "Understanding women's academic careers in France", in Siemienska, R., Zimmer, A. (Eds),Gendered Career Trajectories in Academia in Cross-National Perspective, Scholar, Warsaw, pp.43-74
[8] Piscová, Magdaléna: Slovak national report on women and science. 2001.
[9] Susan Horton: News and tips for Women in Science. 2009. [online]. Accessible from:
[10] Šimková, H., The Women in Science, JWE (2010, No. 1-2, 102-111)
[11] Velichová, D: Premárnene talenty: od osobných zápasov k veci verejnej. Ženy a veda v krajinách ENWISE. Bratislava: SAV, 2004. 39p