Entrenched Patterns of Hot Cognition May Explain Stubborn Attributes of the Economic Landscape
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Sep 18, 2017
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Abstract
Some of the most stubborn attributes of the economic landscape, especially those that pertain to gender inequality in the workplace, in the labour market, and in entrepreneurial ventures, may be traced back to a fundamental cause that underpins a large part of the variance of everyday microeconomic behavior: because of genetic and developmental processes, people become entrapped into stable patterns of affective reasoning (or hot cognition), which generate profound consequences for their behavioral styles as economic agents. In this paper I upgrade earlier ideas from psychoanalysis, by bringing them into dialogue with recent findings from affective neuroscience and neuroeconomics, to propose a typology of patterns of affective reasoning and to suggest ways in which they may begin to explain widely recognized inequalities in economic performance.
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References
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Nietzsche, F. (1887/1967) On the genealogy of morals. New York: Viking.
Noll, J., Horn, J. (1998) Age differences in processes of fluid and chrystallized intelligence. Chapter 4 in J McArdle & R Woodcock, eds, Human cognitive abilities in theory and practice, Chicago, IL: Riverside Press, 263-281.
Pérusse, D., Gendreau, P. L. (2005) Genetics and the development of aggression, in Developmental origins of aggression Eds R E Tremblay, W W Hartup and J Archer, New York: Guilford Press, 223-241.
Postrel, V. (1999) The future and its enemies. The growing conflict over creativity, enterprise, and progress. New York: Touchstone.
Riemann, F. (2005) Formele fundamentale ale angoasei (The fundamental forms of anxiety). Bucharest: Editura Trei.
Salthouse, T.A. (2009) When does age-related cognitive decline begin? Neurobiology of Aging 30 (4): 507-514.
Scott, A., J. (2004), A Perspective of Economic Geography, Journal of Economic Geography, 4(5): 479-499
Snow, R., Farr, M. (1987) Cognitive-conative-affective processes in aptitude, learning, and instruction: An introduction. In R. Snow & M. Farr, Eds, Conative and Affective Process Analysis. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates.
Snyder, K. (2006) The G Quotient: Why Gay Executives are Excelling as Leaders... And What Every Manager Needs to Know. New York: Jossey-Bass.
Sternberg, R. (2005) Foolishness, in A handbook of wisdom. Psychological perspectives. Eds R. Sternberg & J. Jordan, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 331-352.
Storper, M., Venables, A. J. (2004), Buzz: face-to-face contact and the urban economy, Journal of Economic Geography, 4(4): 351-370
Suhler C. L., Churchland P.S., (2009), Control: conscious and otherwise, Trends in Cognitive Sciences 13(8).
Thrift, N. (2006), Re-inventing invention: new tendencies in capitalist commodification, Economy and Society, 35(2): 279-306
Toffler, A., Toffler, H. (2006) Revolutionary wealth. New York: Knopf.
Van Goozen, S. (2005) Hormones and the developmental origins of aggression, in Developmental origins of aggression Eds R E Tremblay, W W Hartup and J Archer, New York: Guilford Press, 281-306.
White, R. L. (1959), Motivation reconsidered: the concept of competence, Psychological Review, 66: 297-333.
Bathelt, H., Glückler, J. (2003), Toward a relational economic geography, Journal of Economic Geography, 3:117-144
Bernheim B.D., (2009), On the potential of neuroeconomics: a critical (but hopeful) appraisal American Economic Journal: Microeconomics Forthcoming.
Boniwell, I., Zimbardo, P., (2004) Balancing Time Perspective in Pursuit of Optimal Functioning, in Positive Psychology in Practice Eds P A Linley, S Joseph, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, 165-179.
Bunzeck, N., Düzel, E., (2006), Absolute Coding of Stimulus Novelty in the Human Substantia Nigra/VTA, Neuron, 51(3): 369-79
Camerer, C., Loewenstein, G., Prelec, D. (2005), Neuroeconomics: how neuroscience can inform economics, Journal of Economic Literature, XLIII: 9-64
Cosmides, L., Tooby, J. (2006) Universal Minds: Explaining the new science of evolutionary psychology. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Davidson, R. J., (2004), Well-being and affective style: neural substrates and biobehavioural correlates, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 359: 1395-1411
Dennett, D. (2006) There aren’t enough minds to house the population explosion of memes The world question center 2006, www.edge.org Accessed 1/30/2006
Frank, R., H., Cook, P., J. (1995) The Winner-Take-All Society. New York: Free Press.
Freud, S. (1908/1991) Character and anal erotism, in S Freud, On sexuality London: Penguin, 205-215.
Freud, S., (1940/1979) An Outline of Psychoanalysis. London: Hogarth Press.
Friedman, T., R. (2006) The world is flat. A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2nd edition.
Gertler, M., S. (2003), Tacit knowledge and the economic geography of context, or The undefinable tacitness of being (there), Journal of Economic Geography, 3: 75-99
Grabher, G., Ibert, O. (2006), Bad company? The ambiguity of personal knowledge networks, Journal of Economic Geography, 6(3): 251-271
Haidt, J. (2006) The happiness hypothesis: Finding modern truth in ancient wisdom. New York: Basic Books.
Harris, J., R. (2006) No two alike. Human nature and human individuality. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Harvey, D. (2003) The New Imperialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hendrick, I. (1943), The discussion of the instinct to master, Psychoanalytic Quarterly, XII: 563-568
Horney, K. (1935/2000) Woman’s fear of action, in B Paris, ed, The unknown Karen Horney. Essays on gender, culture, and psychoanalysis New Haven: Yale University Press, 117-123.
Horney, K. (1942) Self-analysis. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.
Horney, K. (1945) Our inner conflicts. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
Horney, K. (1950) Neurosis and human growth. The struggle for self-realization. London: W. W. Norton & Company.
Horney, K. (1952a/2000) Human nature can change, in B Paris, ed, The unknown Karen Horney. Essays on gender, culture, and psychoanalysis New Haven: Yale University Press, 295-298.
Horney, K. (1952b/2000) The paucity of inner experiences, in B Paris, ed, The unknown Karen Horney. Essays on gender, culture, and psychoanalysis New Haven: Yale University Press, 283-294.
Horney, K. (1967) Feminine Psychology. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
Kaës, R. (2000) Réalité psychique et souffrance dans les institutions (Psychic reality and suffering in the institutions), In R Kaës, ed, L’institution et les institutions. Études psychanalytiques (The institution and the institutions. Psychoanalytical studies), Paris: Dunot, 2nd edition, 1-46.
Kanazawa, S. (2005), Is "Discrimination" Necessary to Explain the Sex Gap in Earnings?, Journal of Economic Psychology, 26: 269-287
Kandel, E. (2006) In Search of Memory: The Emergence of a New Science of Mind. New York: W. W. Norton.
Laplanche, J. (1997) Le primat de l’autre en psychanalyse (The primacy of the Other in psychoanalysis). Paris: Flammarion.
Luborsky, L., Barrett, M. (2006), The history and empirical status of key psychoanalytic concepts, Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 2: 1-19
Luciano, M., Wainwright, M. A., Wright, M. J., Martin, N. G. (2006), The heritability of conscientiousness facets and their relationship to IQ and academic achievement, Personality and Individual Differences, 40 (6): 1189-1199
McDowell, L. (2001) Linking scales: or how research about gender and organizations raises new issues for economic geography, Journal of Economic Geography, 1: 227-250
McDowell, L. (2005), Love, money and gender divisions of labour, Journal of Economic Geography, 5(3): 365 – 379
Miller, A., Goldblatt, A. (1989) The Hamlet Syndrome. Overthinkers who underachieve. New York: William Morrow and Co.
Moutafi, J., Furnham, A., Paltiel, L. (2004), Why is conscientiousness negatively correlated with intelligence?, Personality and Individual Differences, 37:1013-1022
Nietzsche, F. (1887/1967) On the genealogy of morals. New York: Viking.
Noll, J., Horn, J. (1998) Age differences in processes of fluid and chrystallized intelligence. Chapter 4 in J McArdle & R Woodcock, eds, Human cognitive abilities in theory and practice, Chicago, IL: Riverside Press, 263-281.
Pérusse, D., Gendreau, P. L. (2005) Genetics and the development of aggression, in Developmental origins of aggression Eds R E Tremblay, W W Hartup and J Archer, New York: Guilford Press, 223-241.
Postrel, V. (1999) The future and its enemies. The growing conflict over creativity, enterprise, and progress. New York: Touchstone.
Riemann, F. (2005) Formele fundamentale ale angoasei (The fundamental forms of anxiety). Bucharest: Editura Trei.
Salthouse, T.A. (2009) When does age-related cognitive decline begin? Neurobiology of Aging 30 (4): 507-514.
Scott, A., J. (2004), A Perspective of Economic Geography, Journal of Economic Geography, 4(5): 479-499
Snow, R., Farr, M. (1987) Cognitive-conative-affective processes in aptitude, learning, and instruction: An introduction. In R. Snow & M. Farr, Eds, Conative and Affective Process Analysis. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates.
Snyder, K. (2006) The G Quotient: Why Gay Executives are Excelling as Leaders... And What Every Manager Needs to Know. New York: Jossey-Bass.
Sternberg, R. (2005) Foolishness, in A handbook of wisdom. Psychological perspectives. Eds R. Sternberg & J. Jordan, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 331-352.
Storper, M., Venables, A. J. (2004), Buzz: face-to-face contact and the urban economy, Journal of Economic Geography, 4(4): 351-370
Suhler C. L., Churchland P.S., (2009), Control: conscious and otherwise, Trends in Cognitive Sciences 13(8).
Thrift, N. (2006), Re-inventing invention: new tendencies in capitalist commodification, Economy and Society, 35(2): 279-306
Toffler, A., Toffler, H. (2006) Revolutionary wealth. New York: Knopf.
Van Goozen, S. (2005) Hormones and the developmental origins of aggression, in Developmental origins of aggression Eds R E Tremblay, W W Hartup and J Archer, New York: Guilford Press, 281-306.
White, R. L. (1959), Motivation reconsidered: the concept of competence, Psychological Review, 66: 297-333.